For the first time, mutations in a single gene have been linked to mental illness
This group Genetics and neurology doctors found that mental illnesses like schizophrenia are closely related to mutations in the grin2a gene. Scientists maintain that identifying this genetic risk factor opens up opportunities to design preventive measures in the future.
The Grin2A gene regulates communication between neurons by producing the Glun2a protein. When working properly, it improves the transmission of electrical signals between nerve cells and facilitates important processes such as learning, memory, language and brain development.
In their article, published in Molecular Psychiatry, Investigators show that genetic mutations reduce the activity of the NMDA Receptor, which helps in neuronal communication, thereby increasing the risk of developing mental disorders.
Of the 121 people studied, 85 had the Grin2a variant and 23 of them developed mental illness. These results show that carriers of financial reform have a greater risk than those without diversification. In addition, the patients showed strong psychological symptoms, which informed the natural or state explanations.
Finding Common Contradictions and Consensus for the Polygenic Origin of Mental Disorders. Until now, doctors have considered that these diseases are caused by a combination of many factors, including genetics. This study shows for the first time that single gene mutations can significantly influence the development of mental disorders.
The report also clarifies previous research that treated the deficiency of the NMDA receptor, caused by the mutation of grin2a, with l-serine, an amino acid. Four Schizophrenia patients who participated in the trial showed a remarkable improvement: Disappearance of hallucinations, remission of paranoia symptoms, and improved behavior after receiving treatment.
Since this case was conducted before the main study, the authors clarified that it could not be considered as a direct treatment method. However, they point out that the effectiveness of L-Serine can be confirmed in a randomized, prospective, double-blind clinical trial.
Schizophrenia is always a big deal
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, distorted thinking and language, behavioral changes, and loss of motivation or pleasure. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this disorder affects about 23 million people worldwide, which is equal to 0.29 percent of the world’s population. For adults, the rate rises to 0.43 percent, which means 1 in every 233 people raise it.
Experts now have a better understanding of its symptoms and pinpoint the age at which it appears. Effective treatments exist, and several risk factors are recognized, including genetics, neurochemistry and external factors such as stress or drug use.
However, science has yet to pinpoint a single cause or fully explain the variation among those at risk. Some people develop the illness and others do not, even if both parents have been diagnosed with schizophrenia. And there is no clear strategy to prevent its onset.
This story originally appeared on the wire in Español and has been translated into Spanish.
